Basic Guitar Setup Guide

Introduction

A proper guitar setup ensures optimal playability, improved tone, and better tuning stability. This guide will walk you through the four main aspects of a basic guitar setup: neck relief (truss rod), string height (action), intonation, and pickup height adjustment.

Required Tools

Capo

For checking neck relief

Allen Wrenches

Various sizes for truss rod and bridge adjustments

Precision Ruler

For measuring string height and relief

Accurate Tuner

For intonation adjustment

Preparation

Truss Rod Adjustment

The truss rod controls the neck's relief (bow). Proper relief ensures clean fretting and prevents buzzing.

How to Check Neck Relief

1. Tune your guitar to pitch
2. Place a capo on the first fret
3. Hold down the low E string at the last fret
4. Check the gap between the string and the 8th fret
   • Target gap: .010" (0.25mm) for electric guitars
   • Slightly more for acoustic guitars

Making the Adjustment

1. Locate the truss rod adjustment point (usually at headstock or heel)
2. Use the correct size allen wrench or nut driver
3. Make small adjustments (1/8 to 1/4 turn maximum)
   • Clockwise = Straightens neck (reduces relief)
   • Counter-clockwise = Adds relief
4. Wait 10 minutes between adjustments
5. Recheck measurements

String Height (Action) Adjustment

String height affects playability and can influence string buzz. Different players prefer different action heights.

Recommended String Heights (measured at 12th fret)

Adjustment Process

1. Ensure proper neck relief first
2. Measure current string height at 12th fret
3. Adjust bridge saddle height
   • Most bridges use small allen screws on each saddle
   • Make equal adjustments on both screws
   • Keep saddle level for even string contact
4. Check for buzzing across all frets
5. Fine-tune as needed

Intonation Adjustment

Proper intonation ensures your guitar plays in tune across the entire fretboard.

Checking Intonation

1. Tune each string to pitch
2. Compare the open string note to the 12th fret harmonic
3. Compare the open string note to the fretted 12th fret note
   • If fretted note is sharp: Move saddle back
   • If fretted note is flat: Move saddle forward

Making Adjustments

1. Locate the saddle adjustment screws
2. Loosen string slightly to reduce tension
3. Make small adjustments (1/4 turn at a time)
4. Retune and recheck
5. Repeat process for each string

Pickup Height Adjustment

Pickup height affects tone and output. Too close can cause magnetic interference with strings.

Recommended Distances

Adjustment Process

1. Press first and last fret of outer strings
2. Measure from string to pickup pole piece
3. Adjust height screws on both sides of pickup
4. Keep pickup level for balanced output
5. Test and fine-tune based on playing style

Troubleshooting Common Issues

When to Seek Professional Help

Consider consulting a professional guitar technician if you encounter:

• Significant truss rod resistance
• Persistent buzzing after setup
• Uneven frets
• Nut issues
• Bridge or structural problems